3 page executive report describing how information technology impacts Essay

3 page executive report describing how instruction technology impacts atomic number 20 Workers Compensation Industy - Essay ExampleInformation technology and its benefits go through not yet been fully employed in the workers compensation industry although several instances of it are available. Providers subscribe been using the EDI but the process is still a challenge in the workers compensation industry. The workers compensation is much(prenominal) a small part of the claim that many providers have yet to start with electronically affect of claims.2The technology that is used in the industry is P2P link which provides an electronic transaction hub which allows information to be dual-lane between payers and providers. The providers can submit bills, medical reports and other communication through web interface. An automated analyse checks the bill for accuracy and completeness before it reaches the insurance carrier for payment. This is in use at Lakeland which improves the flow of information and streamlines the adjudication of claims. It has improved the ability to execute the payment of workers compensation claims in a timely manner. While other states use the American Medical Association guidelines to ensure fair evaluation of physical impairment, California lags behind.The California Workers Compensation System (CWCS) is in the grip of crisis as doctors are leaving by the dozen. Doctors are move out because of the delays in reimbursements for treatments.3 Patient loads have doubled while treatment authorization takes months. The late SB 899 had become effective in 2004 but is now under severe scrutiny for the compassionate suffering it has caused. Nobody in the state administration is concerned as the insurance company lucre are soaring.The faster an insurer receives notice of an injury, medical treatment can be initiated timely, the injured starts recuperating fast and gets back to work. This would eliminate the cost of hiring an attorney to settle claims. This is where

Texas Education Budget Cuts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Texas Education Budget Cuts - Essay ExampleThe expression describes an act of discouragement a deal with the devil done to provide short-term relief that merely forestalls a now-guaranteed bootleg long-term consequence, for it turns temporary hunger pangs into inevitable starvation. To eat the next years seeds is to fail to put in the future. It is myopic generational theft that insidiously steals from tomorrow by mortgaging the future. Such is the same with Texas misguided plan to cut public school budgets. Weve all heard the mantra that the future is high-tech and in Texas, even so traditionally low-tech industries like oil exploration have gone high-tech. According to Southwest economy The history of Texas lies in cattle and oil. But increasingly, the future of the state is becoming linked with the ever-evolving high-tech industry. high-tech employment has grown more than twice as fast in Texas as it has in the land during the 1990s...The high-tech expansion has had an ind irect impact on the states economy by keeping other industries busyness ... One of the best examples of the indirect effects is the impact on the states construction and real estate industries.

The structure of congress Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The structure of congress - look for ExampleIndeed, the government formation in the United States may have its own strengths and weaknesses and it is subject to a number of critical review and analysis, some of which have been done in the following texts. The Structure of congress Generally, the relation of the United States is a bicameral legislature, which takes its unique face operations from its structure and committees. There constitute two major for a namely the House of Representatives and the Senate, two of whom make up the bicameral legislature. referable to the array of work that needs to be done by the Senate and House, there is a compromised system which ensures that the work load is better handled and this system is in the use of the committees to get duties of relative executed (Stowitts, 2009). Indeed, the non-homogeneous committees and the responsibilities or uses delegate to them make up the structure of Congress. There exists several committees at the Sen ate however these may be sort and categorized into Standing Committees, Select Committees, and Joint Committees. At the House, committees are put in charge of exceptional sectors of the economy and thus make up committees such as Committee on Agriculture, Committee on House Administration, Committee on Rules, and so on. In its broader sense, it can be said that the Congress represents the large population of the United States of America. The reason for this assertion is that members of Congress are voted into their offices and not merely appointed. This electoral system therefore enshrines powers in the hands of the ordinary American to determine who he or she wants to represent (Stowitts et al, 2010). Consequently, Congress represents the people on the ground. By the voting system, it is important to note that the fact that a congressman is voted for by a particular group of persons does not mean that that congressman represents the interest of those people only but then, once the congressman assumes office, he is mandated to represent the interest of all people within his electoral empyrean without discrimination. It is indeed due to the need for there to be a fairer representation of the United States people that there are as people as 535 Voting members of Congress scattered all across the various States of America. What Congress does As democratic as the government system of the United States of America is, one of the virtues of governance that can indeed justify the exhibition of democracy in that country is the presence of shared powers among pronounce offices, or what is commonly known as checks and balance (Stowitts, 2009). To this end, there are three major arm of government namely the executive, judiciary and legislature. The legislative arm of government is mainly responsible for making laws that are rooted in the constitution of the country. It is this arm that Congress represents. What congress does exactly therefore is for it to make law s for the country. With this role of Congress, some of the powers of state governance are taken away from the presidency into the hands of the ordinary people, whom the Congress represents. Subsequently, Congress determines several aspects of state governance including how funds should be brocaded for the country and how funds raised should

Christian View of Business and its Purpose in Society Personal Statement

Christian View of Business and its calculate in Society - Personal Statement ExampleThe paper also identifies if trade action necessitate to be involved exclusively by means of antagonistic visionary means which would be sky-high embraced (Duzer, 2012). One of the intimately appealing aspects stated by the informants has been related to the definition of origin and its relation with the theological perspective. The condition asserts that business is a form of institution since it is a means through which a chemical group chooses to resolve one of its social problems. From the views of theology, the main objective of business is to assist in the creation of divinitys empire. The unique role that the business has to play in that effort is to serve the society by human beingsufacturing the goods and the services required to facilitate the pursuance of the main objective and the creation of the giftedness of the person in the business. The member hunt downs to lay theological framework for comprehending business in terms of Gods creativeness, human decadence as well as Christs redemption. The word is well written and is also quite a significant and thus contributes meaningfully to the understanding of the readers and inspires in accomplishment of their daily work within the terrific calling of business. It can be reflected that the redemption view of business leads an individual to the particular situation that is cute by the Christians. The authors state the fact that instead of just restricting the acceptable business conduct, it forces the individuals to enter into business as a type of service offered to the neighbor and finally the individuals participation in creating the sovereignty of God. The individual is up to(p) of freely entrusting upon the Spirit of God in order to give wisdom, competence, creativity as well as compassion for their involvement in business since the people tend to set up the redemption purpose of God. In the absence of the solid theology, the Christians in business do not possess a proper sense of purpose and a comprehension of the spiritual environment in which they tend to function. When the way of doing business lacks moral, then its sole objective of attaining the organizational goals might be eradicated and hence the concentrate on is generally upon the accomplishment of the personal goals. Therefore, it is quite significant to inculcate theology with the help of which the business man will be competent of operating morally and thus will also be capable of conducting business in an ethical way. The focus of the businessman must not solely be on maximizing the profitability factor but also on serving the society according to the directions present by god (Duzer, Franz, Karns, Dearborn, Daniels, & Wong, n.d.). Article 2 The Social Responsibility of Business is to make its Profits The article The Social responsibility of Business is to make its Profits has been written by Milton Friedman. The key intention of the article is to demonstrate the fact that the main objective of social responsibility is to enhance the profitability factor of business. The author in his article describes the social responsibility of not the businesses but of the corporate executives, which is his main thesis statement. Friedman has argued that the supporters of the social responsibility of business were generally moralizing socialism. However, in the present times, the debate is generally regarding the characteristic of capitalism. The most relevant point that has been noticed in the article is that the corporation is an

The Factors Surrounding the Marketing of Magnetically Powered Products Research Paper

The Factors Surrounding the Marketing of Magnetically Powered Products - Research Paper ExampleIt is evidently clear from the discussion that the legal-political environment is very strict because of the regulations advanced by government authorities. There be no competitors at the beginning stage because it is an innovation. The economic environment negatively affects the purchasing force out of consumers if it has high inflation and low employment rates. The intersection appeals to different market segments, which are families, youths and the old people. The youth would go for insolent vehicles that are unique and popular. Families need safe automobiles that are cheap to maintain. The social responsibility issues are environmental sustainability and public safety. It is not ethical to manufacture vehicles that do not guarantee safety to the consumer. Global marketing can be facilitated by the internet. The internet will allow billions of people to receive information to the highest degree the product. Magnetically powered automobiles can be a breakthrough in the world where environmentally warm sources of energy are high demand. A market research analysis is conducted to project the performance of a product when it is introduced to the market. The research analyzes the factors that are likely to affect product performance in the market. The report presents a market research for magnetically powered automobiles. The high demand for hybrid automobiles that use electric power is a clear indicator that the industry is craving for efficient sources of energy. It analyzes different marketing conditions that will deflect consumers to purchase these automobiles. The marketing mix includes all the decisions that are made to facilitate the introduction of a product in the market. It is all about getting the product in the even off place at the right time and with the right price. It also involves the promotion. Magnetically powered automobiles are bound to pe rform well because they are unique. The product meets the customers need for a high-efficiency vehicle that uses environmentally friendly energy.

Production and Operations Management (Case Study on Renewable Energy Essay

Production and Operations Management (Case report card on renewable Energy Technologies Implementation) - Essay ExampleEnergy development closely associated with the development of the frugality and thus, the efficiency of energy intake needs to be increased to reach moderate energy growth. Renewable energy is one of the ways aimed at meeting increased challenges of energy use and environmental concerns. This offers an secondary of traditional sources of energy for developing countries. Alternative sources of energy help in meeting the needs of customers manage the use of solar heaters to produce hot water and even small-scale industries of agro-processing plants. Renewable energy use is promoted around the globe and by caseing this case the researchers will gain knowledge and understanding on how to reduce carbon dioxide and green house gases emission. For this case study, several issues that need addressing include schemes of financing the project, technical testing, and app raisal, transfer of technology, creation of the job and manufacturing of the products. The establishment of this project will bring into light the actionation of renewable energy projects by analyzing the causes for the failure or success of technologies and or projects. This case study aims at identifying the possibility of eradicating existing barriers. Hence, promotes the writ of execution process of Renewable Energy Technologies ( sops). The benefit of implementation of this project bears sanitation or environmental and agricultural profits that will address rural needs of drinking water. The case study project will be able to improve skills, knowledge and confidence of the NGOs in identifying instances in which, renewable energy technologies contributes to the energy needs of developing countries. Secondly, it aims at strengthening the capacity of NGOs for implementation and analysis of RET project. Lastly, it will generalize the experiences and disseminate findings in an in ternational way for other groups to benefit from gained knowledge. From this research, it is evident that, approximately of the common barriers hindering the implementation process include market, institutional, information awareness, and financial, technical, social, economic, environmental, capacity and political issues of the country. The greatest hassle contributing to the implementation process is associated with the lack of information, skilled manpower and facilities of training respondents. These same respondents also jib to give this technology a chance to be incorporated into the society. Thus, their lack of social acceptance and intimacy in local levels is a hindrance to RETs implementation. In order for this process of implementation to be successful, a company needs to identify all barriers and remove them. Some of the actions needed include changing of policies, windup(prenominal) institution setting for upgrade and availability of technology, financing, making sk illed personnel available, and designing and implementing a modeling that accommodate law changes. By critically examining and evaluating existing problems, the company was able to make the necessary changes and implement renewable energy technologies. The case study also evaluated both direct and indirect effects by using a qualitative assessment approach. Social, environmental, political and other effects comprise the direct impacts of implementation

Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 7

Economics - Essay ExampleThis piece of research paper defines potential difference growth and true growth and explains the basic differences between them based on the literatures. This paper described how governments erect influence both substantial and potential growth of a unsophisticated through remove and provide variables. Definitions of Potential and real growth Economic growth in simple term is an augment in a countrys output. Actual growth has been defined as an economic growth which is calculated as a lay at which the real GDP- Gross Domestic Product- is changing. A country may be able to put forward to a greater extent quantity of goods and services and thus its potential will increase due to an increase in the quantity or quality of its resources. This is referred as potential growth (Grant and Vidler, p. 142). Thus, actual growth refers to the increase in the output of a country whereas potential growth is an increase in a countrys ability to produce goods and services with the resources it has. As Katz (p. 30) defined, potential growth is the rate that an economy can sustain over the long haul by operating in extensive capacity. Actual growth is the exact change or growth in the economy as a result of the real GDP growth or change. Actual growth occurs when the resources and factors of production are increase and as a result the actual output has been increased. The total output of a country mensural in total income or quantities of the goods and services it produced may change over season even when on that point are no change in the resources. If it is assumed that the quantity and quality of the available resources are primed(p) in a country, the production possibility curve can still shift its positions as the level best potential output of that country may change. When the resources are fixed in a specific time period, they can do possibly change over time. A good example for this can be illustrated from a countrys growing pop ulation. When its population grows, it will directly cause increase in the supplies of labors and entrepreneurial skills etceteraand most probably labor quality also improve over time. Apart from these, the country would probably become able to increase its stock of capital, improve the existing energy, mineral and related resources etc. As a result of the increase in these factors of production in the country, its ability to produce more outputs will also increase and it refers to the potential growth (McConnell and Brue, p. 29). Differences between Actual increase and Potential Growth The basic difference between actual growth and potential growth is that, as detailed above, actual growth refers to the growth in the economy being measured as a rate at which the real GDP is changing whereas potential growth refers to a countrys ability to produce more being its production possibility is more due to an increase in its factors of production (Samuelson, p. 469). From the run into o f economists, the potential or full-employment growth rate is an estimate of how much supply of goods and services that the country produces would be expanding if all the available or existing factors of production were fully utilized (Baumol and Blinder, p. 136). Actual growth measures the demand for goods and services within the country, and the demand for them may be less than the potential supply. Some factors in this aspect may be underused (Lincoln, p. 26). When a country is accessible to larger

Does any IR theory present a convincing framework for understanding Essay

Does any IR theory present a convincing framework for understanding b totally-shaped governance Why or why not Discuss with credit entry to - Essay ExampleThe first time that the concept of IR theory as an academic enlighten can be traced back to the book the Twenty Years Crisis which was published in 1939 and was written by E.H. Carr. The publication of this book, the occurrence of the First World War and the consequent complexities on the international sphere prompted the University of Wales, Aberystwyth to assign up a department dedicated to this subject (Burchill, et al., 2005). With the passage of time, conceptual models evolved in an attempt to beg off the complex nature of post World War II- world and currently, several theories are present that manoeuver to explain international politics. We now come to the second part of the question which is global governance. The concept itself is an nonagenarian wholeness but it has re-emerged in recent years by the name of globa lization. Global governance refers to interaction of governmental nature between transnational actors aimed at solving common issues and problems in the absence of a power of enforcement. These issues and problems may be solved by arrangements which may be nervous strainal in the form of laws, treaties and constitutions involving governments, IGOs, NGOs, MNCs and civil society or it may be informal in the form of guidelines or coalitions. ... Secondly, the benefits of globalization have to reach all levels of population so that global governance is sustainable. Thirdly, the difference between global governance and world government needs to be established. Global governance does not seek a central power for the system to work where as world government does. Global governance aims to coin some power away from the state in order for global institutions to be strong, autonomous and effective. still then can global economy, politics and culture be transparent. Global governance has several implicit in(p) themes such as a global economy, environmental concerns, democratic political legitimacy at all levels, conflict resolution, freedom of scientific, academic and communication modes and maintenance of peace and security. Successful examples have shown that this is only affirmable through effective interaction between state and non-state actors. While it has its own merits and demerits, global governance is a new chapter in world politics and it is worthy of being explained by at least one of the established IR theories. Of the several IR theories that are present, three will be discussed in an attempt to explain global governance in this piece of literature. They are realism, constructivism and liberalism. Realism is one of the pioneer theories of the correct of international relations. It consists of three main components namely statism, survival and self-help. Statism refers to the belief that only state actors play a major role in world politics and all t he rest of the functional elements of a political system are merely pawns. Survival refers to the belief that there the international system is based upon disintegration or

Assignment 2 MJ Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

2 MJ - subsidization ExampleThe scene then fast forwards to the present day where the first born intelligence named Jamal is older and his son is somewhat to get married and the second born son had fled to America to circumvent the injustices that were happening in his res publica. The second born son, Bassam goes back to Abuddin with his American family for the wedding. The president dies during the wedding ceremony and Jamal inherits the presidency.The country is ruled through a lot of fear as the ruling family is known to persecute anyone who threatens to scar their rule. The royal family lives a lavish lifestyle and has servants at their beck and call. However, the time is when most parts of the world were avocation out for the end of dictatorial rule and thus the royal family was under a lot of air pressure from a rebel group to hold an election. Bassam, being more accepting of the democratic ways, convinces his brother to go through an election.Jamal is definately autho ritative and does whatever he wants to satisfy himself. He does not care much about anyone else or what anyone would say. He does things that only benefit him satisfy his needs, and his hold onto power. His first action shown in the serial publication is him forcing himself on one of his subjects wife as the husband waits outside and he does not care about the husbands feelings and neither those of the children of the woman who are waiting outside. His major beget is to satisfy himself regardless of who gets hurt. Jamal justifies his actions by claiming that his wife had left him and that his subjects are there to please him and do as he wishes whenever he wants. He extends his cruelty to innocent people simply because he has the authority and faculty to do as he wishes and no one is bold enough to face him.Jamal had been brought by his spawn and taught to be ruthless to people who did not agree with him. From his childhood, he had been forced to go everywhere with his fuck off and even

Write an essay arguing that Emily Grierson relationshi with her father

Write an arguing that Emily Grierson relationshi with her father contributed to her tragedy - Essay ExampleThe description of Emilys father was presented in paragraph 25 as a spraddled silhouette in the foreground, his vertebral column to her and clutching a horsewhip (Faulkner 25 cited in Kennedy and Gioia). Likewise, as noted, none of the young men were deemed good enough for Emily and that the townsfolk remembered all the young men her father had driven away (Faulkner 28). In addition, there was tenseness noted to the point that the Griersons held themselves a little too high for what they really were (Faulkner 25). Due to the extreme provide existence given to Emily and the prevention of her father to find a suitable man as her husband, Emily remained set-apart all her life.By the time her father died, there could actually be some manifestations of mental unwellness or insanity as it was revealed that Emily refused to admit her fathers death. When the townswomen came to of fer their condolences, it was revealed that Miss Emily met them at the door, attired as usual and with no trace of grief on her face. She told them that her father was not dead. She did that for three days, with the ministers traffic on her, and the doctors, trying to persuade her to let them dispose of the body. Just as they were about to resort to rightfulness and force, she broke down, and they buried her father quickly (Faulkner 27). The length of time spent totally dependent on her father could have instigated the innate fear of being leftfield alone and therefore, Emily could not accept the fact that this fear was in fact a reality. Alone and afraid in the house with nothing left to support or sustain her daily living, Emilys life succumbed to depression and anxiety.When a potential yellowish brown in the person of Homer Barron came to her life, the hope of having someone to spend her life with was just what she needed. However, as the legend unfolded, it was revealed th at Homer Barron, who the townsfolk

Reading response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 15

Reading response - Essay lawsuitCraft is a very important component that helps people to be creative as healthful as promotes culture.Craft has been narrowly considered based on what is cute and what is not. The perception that deal entails ugly, old-fashioned and things do by some old man or woman is misplaced and does not hold any water. Craft is supposed to be more than of creativity and use of ones hands to facilitate that creativity. The scope of fashion is unlimited it can range from simple things such as developing a picture redact to complex aspects such as decorating huge structures. The objective of doing all these things is not solely to make a place look cute and neat but to add some reasonable value to the place. What matters is the creativity that has been utilized.Eliminating the view that craft is some big and complex thing that should be done for the sake of competitions and embracement it in daily activities can help save. Handmade craft is cost effective a nd it helps an separate create their environment depending on what they are pleased with. However, it should not always cost effective sometimes it whitethorn be necessary to develop a less costly product after destroying a more costly one. The bottom line should be, what is it that pleases an individual and they are able to afford it. Taking care of individual taste is very unspoilt since it dives a personal satisfaction as well as promotes seniority of use.It is difficult to judge a piece of crafted based on any parameters. The first thing is that craft has a lot of biasness depending on the individual. For example, the Craft Wars show is biased because it relies on the judgment of two or three judges who give their own personal view. To eliminate this biasness, all the participants can do a vote on such a show so that the will of the majority prevails. It is not veracious to narrow down the works of craft on the perception of a few.Craft is very beneficial and every person s hould attempt to develop some work of

What Is Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

What Is Philosophy - Essay ExampleThe actual meaning of the raillery philosophy, however, is such(prenominal) that neither interpretation raise in truth be said to be wrong. On the separate hand, neither interpretation is truly correct on its own, either. This being the case, the question of what philosophy is should first be answered. The word philosophy actually derives its origins from the Greek words philo and sophos, which respectively mean love and wisdom - thus, the word can be translated as love of wisdom (Online Etymology Dictionary, 2012). Philosophers tend to c erstrn themselves with problems, in particular those with concepts such as existence, cognition and values (Teichmann and Evans, 1999). They then proceed to gauge and answer these questions as logically, rationally and systematically as possible. One of the more notable things said of the demesne of philosophy is that it revolves around the creation of concepts. This is actually a rather accurate description for instance, the subcategory of metaphysics concerns itself with explaining the nature not only of the world, but of the human existence (Geisler, 1999). Those who specialize in this branch of philosophy search for knowledge with the aim of helping others attain greater understanding of the world, as defined by its fundamental notions such as existence, causality, ontology and possibility. ... This is not necessarily a bad thing, though - as the legendary Bruce lee once put it, all knowledge ultimately leads to self-knowledge (Little, 1996). Interpreting any given typesetters case will needfully require the use of ones logic - of ones rational capabilities to try and make sense of the subject at hand. And as Popkin and Stroll (1993) explain, this in turn requires that one is capable of reasoning things out in a logical manner, based on the body of knowledge involved. For instance, one need not be a lawyer or a law student to know the law. However, the only way to truly underst and the intricacies of the law is to unlearn everything one has been taught to think of it, and to try and understand the law as lawyers do. Joe Hyams (1982) quotes no less than Bruce Lee himself when he emphasizes the need to let go of ones preconceived expectations and notions. For one to properly study a subject requires that he be willing to let go of everything he has been taught to think about that subject, and to approach it with a clean slate, as if for the first time. In connection with this, it has often been said that lawyers are not truly after the truth, but what can be proven. As most lawyers and law students know, this can and often is a problem. For one thing, evidence can, in fact, be fabricated, and besides that, even the evidence at hand can be misinterpreted such that it heavily favors a particular interpretation of events. This can be very frustrating, especially to those who took to heart the lawyers oath to uphold justice and truth seriously Furthermore, evide nce can be admitted or dismissed depending on the methods used to obtain it,

Read an article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Read an article - turn out ExampleRothbard presumes that these critiques will be adequate in countering Nozicks effort to rationalize the state (Rothbard 45). This newspaper publisher will analyze both Rothbards criticisms and Nozicks ideas against which it is imposed. The evealuation will be based on comparability both Rothbards and Nozicks arguments. Rothbard asserts that Nozick is attempting to conceal his views by not providing evidence of a state that was conventional or advanced using Nozick views. Rothbard argues that Nozick has not provided any evidence regarding the history of definite States. In contrast, the diachronic proof points to different arguments. In all the States with adequate facts, they developed by a course of exploitation, violence, and conquest. In arguing that States could nurture been formed without violating the rights of people, Nozick ignores the probability of exploitation, violence, and conquest, as argued by Rothbard. Therefore, there can be no j ustification for Nozicks existing States because they are presumed to arise from flawless origins and there is none which is in existence. This mode that Rothbard is correct in asserting that States develop through a course of exploitation, violence, and conquest and not flawless, as asserted by Nozicks views (Rothbard 45). ... This may be perceived to be wrong because all individuals have a sense of self-ownership and, therefore, cannot give up their rights so as to be involved in a compulsory agreement. If all people are naturally independent, free, and hold intrinsic rights, they cannot enter into a guide with the State for the sole purpose of developing the State (Rothbard 46). Rothbard goes on to assess the Nozickian stages, specifically the supposed indebtedness and the morality of the manners in which the different stages progress from the initial ones. Nozick starts by presuming that every anarchist contraceptive organization functions in a moral and non-aggressive way. In Rothbard views, Nozick presumes that all protective organizations would necessitate that all of its customers foreswear the right of reprisal against aggression, by declining to safeguard them against counter-reprisal. In arguing in this manner, Nozick is incorrect because he assumes the responsibilities of different security organizations, participating in the market, and is undoubtedly not obvious (Rothbard 46). He neglects the probability of the protective agencies being out-done by different organizations that do not constrain their clients in a similar manner. In addition, Nozick talks somewhat disagreements among customers of dissimilar protection agencies. He provides three situations of how they might advance. Nonetheless, two of these situations entail physical encounters among the agencies. Rothbard claims that these conditions oppose Nozicks personal presumptions of nonaggressive behavior and good faith by his organizations. Nonetheless, Rothbards claim that it woul d be broken to suppose the protective agencies would tackle each other in a physical way

360-degree appraisal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

360-degree appraisal - Essay Examplemanagement, this paper will provide digest of a case study using the AMA 8- tonus case analysis tool as a subject matter of inst totallying the 360-degree appraisal in an organization (American Management Association, 2009).GE Company has its employee working in niner teams to produce GE 90 jet engines. Each of the nine teams handles the production of an engine from the initial step until the engine is ready for delivery. Each team has a goal of getting the engine produced however, they are all responsible for management of their internal affairs including training, vacation, and overtime. Each team is equally responsible for making an change to the production process, monitor product woodland and take responsibility for identifying and resolving problems arising among members of the team.Decision-making in the company is found on consensus, with each team making its decisions pertaining the production process. However, the company has an ove rall do manager who ensures the upkeep of all the teams is focused on the achievement of the companys goals. Due to the independence nature of the teams in decision-making, the manager has little responsibilities in following up each team, as the team members feel untrusted. contrasted the conventional responsibility of decision making by managers, in the GE Company, a manager makes fewer decisions, with major decisions such as cost reduction and safety improvement delegated to a task disembowel (Bressen, 2007).The challenge that comes with independent decision making by team members in a company is the divergence in the quality of the final products of the company. Since each team determines the production process, there is a likelihood that the quality of the engines would not be similar which would challenge the reputation of the company.Independent decision making by the teams in the company would result in differences in the appraisal pattern for the employees of the orga nization. Despite the presence of a plant manager, there

What is art Aspects of the definition of art Essay

What is device Aspects of the definition of blind - move Example artistic production is considered to be indefinable. Art has no specific typicals or features. According to the romantic tradition, it is the consequence of genius, whose perception is beyond any social limitation and therefore it is considered as indefinable. In simple wrangling art discharge be defined as a skillful piece that is the creation of a human artist. However the artists of modern age constantly have been pushing the boundaries of this definition and challenging juvenile perceptions. The human artists have often left the psychologist, philosopher and critics far behind when it comes to preconception. Readymade art or found erupt often challenges the job of an artist as the creator of art (Tolstoy, n.d.). It is not always that an art is indefinable. It drop be defined by the help of the institutional theory of Art. According to these institutional theories of art, it can be defined by the help of it s partial or relational properties. The procedure through which art has been create can also be considered as a way of defining art.According to the Formalist theory of art, the numberal characteristic of ar dickensrk can be used to determine its aesthetic properties. This formal relation can be between its constitutive elements such as relationship between line, colors, volume and masses in the form of visual art work for e.g. paintings. There are theories present that confirm that content can be an effective contribution to the aesthetic value of ardeucerk. This is the only story that supports such an argument. The commonplace and non-honorific are two aspects of the classification of art and therefore it get out to develop the understanding of the two aspects and the difference between them. The two main categories of art are fine art or applied and decorative art. Fine art consists of aesthetic objects that are not meant to be used to fill any kind of practical goal or th e art which is purely decorative but doesnt have any facade of creation considered as art. The foundation of conceptual or found art dates back to the time when wave Duchamps work was introduced, which was the representation of the enamel urinal as the subject of art. The object of questioning used by Marcel was purely based on the aesthetic view and the high level of aesthetic excellence that can be used as the instance of art. We can also observe that not always are these events the instances of art, irrespective of the fact that how they are being viewed by an institution. Objects can be classified as art or non-art. It order to place a project in the former family unit it is important to remove about the intention of the artist regarding his musical composition that whether it is aesthetic or the artistic appreciation, whether the creation of the artist is authoritative or it is inspired by the work of others or whether the work is a reproduction or is it an object that i s produced in bulk. Fine art, household art and popular art can be severalise from all(prenominal) other on the basis of several aspects. For e.g. in fine art almost every composition of the artist is original but there are so many reproductions of it present, whereas folk art is purely original with no reproduction or copy. However popular art can be distinguished from the other two form of art as all the work present in this category is merely copy and there is no originality present, or has been preserved. There are two aspects of the definition of Art i.e. horizontal and vertical. Both these aspects at times can be confusing and therefore its better to develop a clear understanding about them. The horizontal aspect of art is concerned with choosing the general aspect of different things and then contrasting it with different aspects of human culture. These aspects can be literature, science, sports, etc. swimming aspect can be considered as a non-honorific or general aspect of art in which different categories of art are included. These categories can be applied art, decorative art, amateur art, popular art, folk art and children art. According

The Serena Group and Its Personnel System Assignment

The Serena Group and Its Personnel System - Assignment grammatical caseThe group has approximately five thousand employees working in heterogeneous departments. For efficiency of service, the industry has various departments where employees be deployed (Tanke, 2009). In its operation, the industry operates under Tourism Promotion Service (TPS). The industry has three major departments food and beverage, accommodations, and travel and tourism. These departments atomic number 18 managed by the general manager. Executive committees are under the general manager. These are the Executive Housekeeper, Front office manager, food and beverage manager, straits engineer controller, room division manager, chief chef, personnel manager and marketing manager. These staff members work congruently in all the branches. Below the executive committees are the heads of different sections. These are the restaurant managers, room service manager, banquet manager, security guest relation accountant, plantsman preventive maintenance manager, cashier, reservation manager stewards, laundry manager and the bar manager. All these employees work in ensuring that their customers get the best services.Although the industry has exceptionally shown outstanding performance, it has internal challenges that are facing. One of the distinct challenges is the uplifted turnover ratio. Most of the employees lay off their duties haphazardly due to the nature of the work they do or for other reasons. Although every workplace has its challenges, hospitalities industries, more so, Serena group has high turnover rates due to the by-lineMost of the luxury hotels, if not all, depending on the tourists and travelers for their operation. As the tourists travel across the continents, they exploit on these gold hotels for their meals, accommodations and stay.

Is capital punishemtn a deterrent Essay Example for Free

Is ceiling punishemtn a preventive EssayRunning Head Abstract Indeed statistics will tape that superior penalization is not an effective deterrent to iniquity effective comparisons show that in that location is no signifi deposet correlation mingled with declineed curse place and the deterrent effect in takes which follow up the conclusion penalization purge with the incorporation of socio-economic elements as evidenced in comparing Virginia against west Virginia. In fact, the opposite is full-strength that the abhorrence rate tends to be lower in states with show up the finis penalisation.The volume support upper-case letter penalization although the prevailing attitude which is sh atomic number 18d by the g everyplacenment as well, is to implement it more cautiously with regards to veritable issues and sectors as legal, ethical and honorable challenges drop been raised against it and the criminal justice system as a whole. Is capital penalization an effective deterrent as compared between states for and against with similar socio-economic backgrounds?Hypothesis Capital punishment is not an effective deterrent to crime this hypothesis will be turn out through on-going studies on the issue as well as criminal justice statistics which will show that on that point is no significant correlation between lowered crime rates and the deterrent effect in states which implement the expiry penalty. In fact, the opposite is true that the crime rate tends to be lower in states without the finis penalty.I. Brief history of expiration penalty in fall in States and tyrannical Court decisions The decease penalty t hightail its its roots in quaint history, making its outgrowth appearance in the Codes of Hammurabi in ancient Babylon where 25 kinds of crime warranted the ultimate punishment of remainder. From the ancient Hittites to the Draconian Code of Athens, the punishment was more mischievous as all crimes merited the death pe nalty.During the time of Jesus Christ, the Ro spell justness of the Law Tablets prevailed and routinely invoked much(prenominal) methods as crucifixion, impalement and even being burned to death as penalties (DPIC, 2008). America traces its use of the death penalty to the British settlers with the first known recorded execution in the colonies carried out for a man accused of being a spy for Spain.The death penalty reached a point where it was even meted out to authoritatively less serious offenses although each colony was left to its own discretion as to how to implement it. tied(p)tually, the Age of Enlightenment created a movement which felt that the death penalty was totally wrong on a whole lot of levels. The abolitionist movement which arose from this period strongly voiced its opinion that there was no way to justify the taking of a persons life regardless of what he may have weare against society.But even as there were formal attempts towards the reformation of the pena lty in terms of actually changing the specific death penalty mandates of some states, it wasnt until the mid-19th century that more successful strides in this regard was made the first calls were for the imposition of the death penalty on truly serious crimes ulterior, states in this linguistic context began to review the crimes which they felt really warranted the death penalty changing the manner of executions from being very public to more private confines within sassyly build correctional penitentiaries (DPIC, 2008).Eventually, an American state finally mustered its constituency to abolish the death penalty with Michigan taking this perspicuous honor in 1846 followed later by several more states. But even as some states becalm held onto capital punishment, general reforms on the issue began to shape not however the concept of death penalty, but of the entire criminal justice system as well. There followed greater distinction and sensitiveness as to what crimes necessit ated the death penalty.The establishment of statutes for one made the justice system more objective and just instead of an automatic imposition of the death penalty on capital crimes regardless of the facts surrounding the case, discretional statutes allowed for an examination of the facts before sentencing was made. But it was only in the latter discontinue of the twentieth century that oftentimes of the spirited discussion on the death penalty took a more significant turn when the United States compulsive Court took a major role in threshing out some of the thornier points of arguing in the debate.Some of its major decisions include 1. Ruling out the unconstitutionality of the death penalty specifically at a lower place the Eighth Amendment in 1958 in the case of Trop v. Dulles (356 U. S. 86), it was argued that the death penalty at this point in time (1958) was indeed cruel and unusual punishment and as such(prenominal), that it can no longer be considered as something in k eeping with Americas standards of decency and should therefore be abolished (DPIC, 2008). 2.That the death penalty can be imposed only when a jury recommends it was rendered unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in two cases where the prosecutor and the jury had all important(predicate) roles to play in the meting out of the death penalty in capital crimes in U. S. v. Jackson (390 U. S. 570), the Court upheld that the practice was unconstitutional because it encouraged defendants to waive their right to a jury trial to ensure they would not receive a death sentence (DPIC, 2008).In Witherspoon v. Illinois (391 U. S. 510) the Supreme Court held that a persons mere hesitancy or reservation towards the death penalty is not enough reason to have him or her disqualified from being part of the jury in a death penalty case disqualification could only be possible if it can be proved that more substantial display of attitudes can actually affect the outcome of the case. Later similar cases such as in Crampton v. Ohio and McGautha v.California tackled the issue of whether the jury as both the power to not only impose the death penalty as they see fit, but that they could also determine in a single deliberation, the verdict as well as the resulting sentence in this regard, the Supreme Court in favor of the jury having the ultimate discretion (DPIC, 2008). But in the landmark case Furman v. Georgia (408 U. S. 238)), the Supreme Court again was compelled to decide on these same issues, the result of which was the voiding of 40 death penalty statutes (DPIC, 2008).This had a double edged outcome even as the death penalty had been deemed unjust (and reinforcing statutes voided in this regard), it tacit allowed states who still wanted the death penalty to keep it reinstated by simply re-writing their death-penalty statutes. In later years, the debate has shifted equally on both sides. As the United States has opted to keep the death penalty in a global circle of adherents wh ich keep on shrinking, it has however imposed limitations with regards to controversial areas.Special areas of bear upon with regards to the imposition of death penalty include issues in cases of mental illness and retardation the factor of race with a disproportionate number of blacks on death row the constitutionality of executing juvenile offenders. Another important issue is wrongful convictions. As addressed in the case Herrera v. Collins (506 U. S. 390 (1993)) the Supreme Court has mulled over the possibility that people on death row who profess their innocence could actually be irreproachable (DPIC, 2008).An important outcome of the case was that new evidence for possible innocence could be weighed and a new trial possibly considered. Numerous inmates on death row have been released because of this and their innocence subsequently support through new scientific evidence and technology. II. Stating the problem Does capital punishment deter crime? The crucial question woul d seem to be, does capital punishment really deter crime?If public opinion were to be taken as a simplistic barometer to answering this question, it would show that capital punishment as intimidation is perceptual, not factual. The Gallup Poll news service has recorded surveys beginning from 1936 up to the present day which show that public perception is reactionary- people tend to favor it more when confronted with violent and sensational crimes and then go to record lows when there arent any (cited in Gallup Poll, 2004).The fact that the United States is showing declining numbers in death sentences being meted out, from 300 in 1998 down to roughly half of that (143) in 2003 (DPIC, 2008) doesnt strike anything except the fact that there are numerous challenges against the criminal justice system which makes for the handing out of death sentences far more difficult than it used to be.Pro-abolitionists are pointing out however that the single most win over evidence against the de ath penalty may be the fact that crime statistics and trends show that of the dozen states that have chosen not to enact the death penalty have not had high homicide rates than states that still impose the death penalty (Bonner, 2000). Highly revealing is the fact that the 10 of the 12 states without capital punishment have homicide rates far below the national average while contrastingly, more than half the states who still impose death have rates above the national average (Bonner, 2000).A state-by-state analysis raise that during the last 20 years, the homicide rate in states with the death penalty has been 48 portion to 101 percent higher than in states without the death penalty (Bonner, 2000). Other interesting factual points include the fact that homicide rates have risen and fallen along roughly symmetrical paths in the states with and without the death penalty which center simply that the death penalty as a deterrent doesnt really work (Bonner, 2000).Critics who are pro- death penalty point out however that there may be other factors which contribute to lower or higher crime rates which are not solely the effect of having or not having the death penalty. They point out other factors contributory to homicide rates such as the states demographics, unemployment and police or state defense and security pen. But the analysis found that the demographic profile of states with the death penalty is not far different from that of states without it.The poverty rate in states with the death penalty, as a whole, was 13. 4 percent in 1990, compared with 11. 4 percent in states without the death penalty (Bonner, 2000). III. Virginias death penalty vs. western hemisphere Virginias life imprisonment A significant point of comparison to make would be between Virginia which still upholds the death penalty as against West Virginia which chooses to mete out life imprisonment.In Virginia, there have been so far 94 executions as of 2005 since the 1976 reinstatement of th e death penalty to be worthy for the death penalty in this state, one must have committed a capital crime chthonian specific circumstances which can include among other things robbery or attempted robbery rape or attempted rape or sodomy, or attempted sodomy, the killing of a law enforcement officer a multiple homicide murder for hire murder while incarcerated, etc (VADP, 2005). Virginia Crime Demographic Vs.West Virginia Crime Demographic In the year 2000 Virginia had an estimated population of 7,078,515 which ranked the state 12th in population this is compared with West Virginia which had an estimated population of 1,808,344 putting it at a rank of thirty-seventh over-all. In that same year, Virginias total crime index was 3,028. 1 reported incidents per 100,000 people, ranking it 41st boilersuit. In comparison, West Virginia had a total Crime Index of 2,602. 8 reported incidents per 100,000 people ranking it at 47th highest over-all (DC, 2007).In terms of violent crime, Virg inia had a reported incident rate of 281. 7 per 100,000 people ranking it 37th overall in comparison, West Virginia had a reported incident rate of 316. 5 per 100,000 people ranking it 34th highest occurrence for Violent Crime among the states (DC, 2007). For crimes against Property, the state had a reported incident rate of 2,746. 4 per 100,000 people, which ranked as the state 41st highest. In comparison, West Virginia reported incident rate of 2,286.3 per 100,000 people, which ranked it 47th highest (DC, 2007) Also in the year 2000 Virginia had 5. 7 Murders per 100,000 people, ranking the state as having the 20th highest rate for Murder its 22. 8 reported Forced Rapes per 100,000 people, ranked it 45th highest for Robbery, per 100,000 people, its rate at 88. 9 ranked the state as having the 28th highest for Robbery. In comparison West Virginias figures are the by-line at 2. 5 Murders per 100,000 people, it ranks 38th highest rate for Murder for 18.3 reported Forced Rapes per 100 ,000 people, its ranking stands at 49th highest for Robbery, per 100,000 people, its rate at 41. 4 ranks it as having the 41st highest for Robbery (DC, 2007) For about 164. 3 provoked Assaults for every 100,000 people, Virginia ranks at the 40th highest position for this crime among the states every 100,000 people had about 429. 9 Burglaries, which ranks it at the 46th highest standing among the states. In comparison, West Virginia had 254.2 Aggravated Assaults for every 100,000 people, which indexed the state as having the twenty-fourth highest position for this crime among the states for every 100,000 people there were 546. 9 Burglaries, which ranks it as having the 36th highest standing among the states (DC, 2007). In larceny, Virginia had theft reported 2,064. 8 times per hundred thousand people which ranks it as the 38th highest among the states baffled down Vehicle Theft occurred 251. 6 times per 100,000 people, which makes it good for 38th highest for vehicle theft overall.F or West Virginia, Larceny Theft were reported 1,556. 1 times per hundred thousand people which ranks it 50th highest among the states tough down, Vehicle Theft occurred 183. 3 times per 100,000 people, which ranks the state as having the 43rd highest for vehicle theft overall (DC, 2007). In terms of economy and socio-economic indicators, it is significant to note that the expectation of poverty indicators as suggestive of influencing higher crime rates does not hold true in this comparative analysis of crime demographics between Virginia and West Virginia.Economically, Virginia dwarfs West Virginia in economic size and strength According to the 2004 U. S. Bureau of Economic depth psychology report, Virginias gross state product was $326. 6 billion. The per capita personal income was $35,477 in 2004. In 2006 and 2007, Forbes Magazine voted Virginia as having the best climate for business in the United States citing economic growth, business costs/incentives and quality of life (Wi kipedia, 2007) In comparison, West Virginias has been described as very fragile and that according to the U.S. Census Bureau is the tercet lowest in per capita income ahead of only Arkansas and Mississippi and ranking last in normal household income (Wikipedia, 2007). While it is simplistic to assume that other factors dont come into play such as the dynamics of crime with changing median incomes, it is hard to ignore the consistency by which the state of West Virginia has bested Virginia in the incidence of various crimes, both capital or lesse in nature across the same population samples.This gives some credence to the argument that even as it cannot be entirely proven that the death penalty does not outrightly deter crime, its use doesnt give any clear or dramatic evidence that it as as effective as other means of deterents. The fact as proven by the comparison between two states with entirely different socio-economic profiles and crime demographics tends to affirm that those states who dont use it, do have lower crime rates as a whole. IV. estimable and moral issuesrace factor/exonerations/ juvenile/mental health issues The ethical and moral discussions over capital punishment have strong universal resonance almost since its inception, the the United Nations General Assembly for its part has adopted a Universal Declaration of Human Rights which inevitably promoted a right of life. It was one of the first institutions to recognize and point out attention to the implications of applying the death penalty to juveniles, pregnant women, and the elderly.The international community followed in its footsteps with progressive endeavors in drafting treaties which included the issue of capital punishment and the right to life it has to be noted though that these treaties to some extent allowed death as punishment, but only in certain extreme circumstances. Despite this exception, many nations throughout Western Europe stopped using capital punishment, even if the y did not, technically, abolish it. As a result, this de facto abolition became the norm in Western Europe by the 1980s. (cited in Schabas, 1997).While still holding on to its belief in capital punishment, the United States however has travel towards limitations which it has effectively applied to the ethical and moral questions of the death penalty being applied to juveniles, women, blacks and even the mentally challenged. Some limitations though such as the one evidenced from the 1977 Coker v. Georgia case still stirs up debate as to how the court can stretch the boundaries of limitations. In this case, the U. S. Supreme Court established that the death penalty was an unconstitutional punishment for the rape of an adult woman simply because the victim wasnt killed.In Ford v. Wainwright, the Supreme Court command that extreme care should be taken in capital punishment cases where it can be established that the defendant might be certified to be all mentally ill or mentally retard ed as a result, the Supreme Court in this case, banned the execution of insane persons pending establishment of mental incompetence. Notable was Penry v. Lynaugh in 1989 where the Court upheld that executing persons with mental retardation was not a misdemeanour of the Eighth Amendment but it later reversed itself when in Atkins v.Virginia in 2002, the Court pointed out that national and collective consensus against the meting out of the death penalty on the mentally challenged did indeed qualify it as being cruel and unusual punishment under the Eight Amendment (DPIC, 2008). flow has become a controversial issue due to the fact that as Amnesty International reports Even though blacks and whites are murder victims in nearly equal numbers of crimes, 80% of people penalize since the death penalty was reinstated have been execute for murders involving white victims.More than 20% of black defendants who have been executed were convicted by all-white juries (Cited in Amnesty Report). In Virginia, a study by Civil Liberties Union has brand the states administration of capital punishment as unequal, unfair and irreversible and citing that race is a controlling factor in the way the death penalty is administered in Virginia (cited in ACLU, 2003). It is in this context that the Supreme Court in Batson v.Kentucky (1986) provides for scrutiny against a prosecutor who might be biased through striking out jury members of a similar case in a disproportionate manner. In the 1987 case of McCleskey v. Kemp (481 U. S. 279), statistical analysis was used as evidence to point out racial secernment in Georgia states administration of the death penalty. The Supreme Court however ruled it out saying that racial disparities would not be recognized as a constitutional violation of equal protection of the law unless intentional racial discrimination against the defendant could be shown (DPIC, 2008).With regards to the application of the death penalty on juveniles, three significant cases allowed the Supreme Court to rule that the execution of offenders aged fifteen and younger at the time of their crimes was unconstitutional. However, juvenile offenders under the age of 16 who have committed capital offenses can be executed if the state that has jurisdiction over their case does not have a minimum age in its death penalty statute furthermore, the Supreme Court also held that under the Eighth Amendment, there was no effective prohibition for the imposition of capital punishment for offenders aged 16 or 17.V. Conclusion death penalty not a deterrent according to statistics, however majority support capital punishment. Indeed statistics will show that capital punishment is not an effective deterrent to crime effective comparisons show that there is no significant correlation between lowered crime rates and the deterrent effect in states which implement the death penalty even with the incorporation of socio-economic elements as evidenced in comparing Virginia ag ainst West Virginia.In fact, the opposite is true that the crime rate tends to be lower in states without the death penalty. The majority support capital punishment although the prevailing attitude which is dual-lane by the government as well, is to implement it more cautiously with regards to certain issues and sectors as legal, ethical and moral challenges have been raised against it and the criminal justice system as a whole.References ACLU (2003) New ACLU Report Finds Virginia Death penalization System Riddled with Flaws, Recommends Sweeping Changes.Retrieved January 10, 2008 from http//www. deathpenaltyinfo. org/ Amnesty Report (2003) United States of America Death by discrimination the continuing role of race in capital cases. Retrieved January 10, 2008 from http//www. deathpenaltyinfo. org/ Bonner, R. (2000) States Without Death Penalty Have bring down Homicide Rates. Retrieved January 10, 2008 from http//www. sfgate. com/ DPIC (2008) Death Penalty Information Center. Ret rieved January 10, 2008 from http//www. deathpenaltyinfo. org/.Disaster Center (2007) Virginia Law Enforcement Agency Uniform Crime Reports 1980 to 2005. Retrieved January 10, 2008 from http//www. disastercenter. com/crime/vacrime. htm Disaster Center (2007) West Virginia Law Enforcement Agency Uniform Crime Reports 1980 to 2005. Retrieved January 10, 2008 from http//www. disastercenter. com/crime/wvcrime. htm Gallup Poll proceeds (2004) Public Support Figures for Capital Punishment. Retrieved January 9, 2008 from http//www. deathpenaltyinfo. org/.Schabas (1997) The Abolition of the Death Penalty in International Law, Cambridge University Press. Retrieved January 10, 2008 from http//www. deathpenaltyinfo. org/ VADP(2005) Virginia Death Penalty Information. Retrieved January 9, 2008 from http//www. vadp. org/info. htm Virginia Economy (2008) Wikipedia. org. Retrieved January 9, 2008 from http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Economy_of_Virginia West Virginia Economy (2008) Wikipedia. org. R etrieved January 10, 2008 from http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/West_virginia.

Ethnic Groups and Discrimination Essay Example for Free

Ethnic Groups and Discrimination EssayOn May of 1607, the first side village in the present-day join States was founded at Jamestown, Virginia (A Brief History of Civil Rights in the unify States of America, 2007). afterwards many years, a Dutch ship arrived at the port of Jamestown and brought about twenty African slaves to the inc rake colonists. Thus, the so-called African slave trade began. The African slaves came from the savannahs of central and southern Africa. The Dutch often called them anthropomorphous monkeys, barbarians, and uncivilized brutes. Thus, the Dutch preferred locking them in the sub cabins of their caravels (A Brief History of Civil Rights in the United States of America, 2007). They were irregularly provided with food. Most of the times, they were held in chains (because the Dutch were afraid that they might cause roughly trouble in the ship). When they were brought to Jamestown, their condition worsened. They were forced to turn over in flat farmlan ds at least 15 hours a day. Large plantations of cotton and other agricultural products were assigned to them by the position colonists without pay.Although they were provided with accommodate, it was in shambles. The houses were designed in the coordinate of barnyard to accommodate as many slaves as possible (a form of segregation). Added to that, this type of housing was a means for the English colonists to distinguish themselves from these lofty and barbaric human beings. The food provided by the English colonists was never adequate to balance the energy the slaves consumed in farm work. Added to that, the children of African slaves were overly forced to work in the plantations. Their work varied, from weaving cotton to harvesting agricultural products.The landlords, insensitive to the contri plainlyions of these African slaves to their estates, usually employ the whip against the African slaves as a form of disciplinary measure. Thus, not only the African slaves provided a cheap and efficient source of agricultural and household proletariat, they were also the source of prejudice, discrimination (described above), racism, and embarrassment to the English colonists. For example, the English colonists did not regard the African slaves as a branch race.The English colonists regarded them as subhuman, but a low higher than primates. Even after the Declaration of Independence, the descendants of these slaves were not better of. Usually, the American landlords regarded them as personal properties. They had no civil or political rights. At times, American colonists in the western used them as soldiers (unpaid) in its wars with Indian tribes. Thus, it can be said that the fib of African-Americans was a history of discrimination, oppression, and prejudice. They were the target as well as the source of racial cynicism of white Americans, British, and al nigh all Americans of European descent.The stigma attached to them by these cultural sort outs remaine d until (as iodin may notice) the present time. The labor market in the United States at the close of the 19th century was comprised of poor white farmers and African slaves-descent laborers (using the term baleful is a form of discrimination in this case) (Bohmer, 2007). In 1876, an alliance between African slaves-descent laborers and poor whites was defeated by Southern landlords. The alliance was formed out of the perceived oppression of their class by the legal opinion Southern landlords. For example, their pay was inadequate to support their families.Nonetheless, their working conditions under these Southern planters were really bad in terms of long-working hours and high rents. Their defeat was magnified y the 1896 Supreme Court ruling that segregation was constitutional. Although their labor produced much of the wealth of the Southern planters, they were never given safety nets (such as social security) in the procural of their labor in the market. In contradiction to the conception that African-Americans be never interested in environmental issues, here are some African-Americans who contributed much in protecting the environment.George Washington Carver can be regarded as one of Americas finest agricultural researchers. He was able to develop throughout his lifespan over 325 new products from peanuts and over 100 products from sweet potatoes. He often told his students that nature was his best instructor (A Selection of African-American Environmental Heroes, 2007). Vernon Jones is another African-American who led the struggle to preserve government-owned lands in a county in Georgia. In March 2000, he was able to pass a 125 million dollars stay referendum to acquire public lands for the construction of parks (A Selection of African-American Environmental Heroes, 2007).This is an indication that even if African-Americans are still discriminated, they would never be in contrasting to issues that can affect the lives of people outside his ethnic group. approving action can be defined as a set of state policies and objectives created to help disapprove past and present discrimination based on race, color, ethnicity, religion, and sex. The United States government under the terms of different presidents implemented a series of affirmative actions in order to eliminate forms of discrimination in the United States.For example, President Truman issued an order to the Bureau of Employment Security to implement nondiscriminatory labor policies (Sykes, 1995). Today, the Equal Employment Opportunities constitute was passed to put an end to discrimination in the workplace, by giving minority groups opportunities to assert their employment place (Sykes, 1995). These series of affirmative action was the result of struggle of minority groups, especially African-Americans, to assert their rights as citizens of the United States.In the present, however, discrimination in the workplace against minority groups (e. . African-Americans) is never totally eradicated. Redlining, or more specially service redlining, is the custom of refusing to provide wells and service to people of low-income and minority groups (Fuller, 1998). In the United States, African Americans, Latinos, and other minority groups are experiencing this form of segregation. Some white establishments typically create excuses for the purpose of not allowing minority groups (especially African-Americans) to procure goods and services. This was the most controversial issue in the 1950s.There were different types of services one for whites, and one for African-Americans. Although this system was abolished, many white retail stores in the United States still find excuses of not providing goods and services for minority groups. African-Americans today face what sociologists call double jeopardy. Because African-Americans are discriminated, they have difficulty of finding good jobs. It is estimated that a majority of African-Americans in the United Sta tes today are in the poverty threshold. They comprised also the majority in service sectors jobs. Their poverty reinforces their minority status.Thus, the so-called ladder of discrimination as what sociologists call is also reinforced. African-Americans have the difficulty of upgrading their status by economic means. Thus, white Americans always associate African-Americans with poverty. The institutionalization of discrimination was the most noted issue in African-American history. Before the handing down of the Brown v. Board of Education of capital of Kansas (which abolished segregation in public schools) in May 1954, all public schools in the United States were segregated. African-Americans were provided separate public schools, usually close to their communities.Added to that, the formulation of educational curriculum of some states was also segregated. This was in line with the early belief of white Americans that higher forms of education were only a matter for white Americans . sequestration could also be noted in the construction of residential areas. Reverse discrimination can be defined as the negative effect of an affirmative action to some members of the dominant ethnic group which is seen as tantamount to another form of discrimination (Pincus, 20021). Often some white Americans complained that they were rejected in some jobs because of preferential treatment for African-Americans.They call it reverse discrimination. This is though not really a form of discrimination since it does not question the nature of the ethnic group to which one belongs. In the case of African-Americans, the open of new opportunities is a means to upgrade their economic status. It cannot be a form of discrimination. Glass detonating device can be defined as the barriers or blocks that confront minority groups in reaching the upper ladder of corporate America (The Glass Ceiling for African, Hispanic (Latino), and Asian Americans, 2004).African-Americans today have littl e difficulty of reaching the upper ladder of society (noted personalities like Oprah, Morgan Freeman, and Janet Jackson serve our examples) although not as easy as that of white Americans. Personally, I identify myself to the cultural group I belong, although I pick out the commonalities between African-American and white cultures (especially those which relate to equality and freedom of the individual).

Food and Beverage in Indonesia Essay Example for Free

nutriment and Beverage in Indonesia EssayThis document is one of a serial of unor buildnted learning tools for exporters produced by bare-assfound Zealand Trade and first step. smart Zealand Trade and first step provides a across-the-board range of standard services and sophisticated solutions that assist businesses through every stage of the export litigate. For information or advice, phone radical Zealand Trade and Enterprise on 0800 555 888, huckster www. nzte. govt. nz, or contact your New Zealand Trade and Enterprise client manager. CONTENTS 1 trade STRUCTURE 1. 1 pabulumstuff Overview 1. 2 1. 3 1. 4 1. 5 1.6 2 2 Market Drivers Market Potential present moment Trends Key Players in the Market Regulatory Sustainability 3 3 6 7 7 8 9 11 12 12 12 12 13 13 14 MARKET creation AND DEVELOPMENT 2. 1 Market Entry Strategies 2. 2 2. 3 2. 4 2. 5 Points of specialism Long Term Strategic Issues for Exporters to Consider Distribution Channels Pricing 3 MARKET RESOURCES AND CONTACTS 2/ Exporter decease Indonesia aliment and Beverage February 2012 1 MARKET STRUCTURE Indonesia is the worlds fourth close populous country with a population of 232. 5 zillion in 2010, and the largest economy in southeastward Asia.In 2011, New Zealands viands and drunkenness exports totalled US$468. 3 million, making Indonesia New Zealands 11th largest export destination. i In November 2011, Indonesia provided formal notification of the completion of its internal ratification procedures to modify the ASEAN Australia New Zealand Free Trade placement (AANZFTA). From 10 January 2012, AANZFTA will open up considerable opportunities for New Zealand businesses. The agreement will allow duty / tariff free access to everyplace 90 per centum of New Zealand goods and services by 2015.ii 1. 1 Market Overview In 2010 and 2011, dairy and meat products comprised over 76 per centum of New Zealands fodder and drink exports to Indonesia (2010 US$363 million 2011 US$38 1 million). In 2010, Indonesias dairy and meat securities industry was worth an estimated US$2 gazillion. The majority of the population in Indonesia, approximately 85 per centum, be Muslim and all slaughtered provender and meat (excluding pork) must have halal certification. iii 3/ Exporter Guide Indonesia nutriment and Beverage February 2012 1. 1.1 Market by product division encase food In 2010, Indonesias packaged food foodstuff was valued at US$19. 1 one million million. The sale of impulse and indulgence products (i. e. chocolates) grew due to increasing affluence. Nutrition and staples (i. e. rice) grew by 31 percent in 2010. Canned / preserved food had a high growth rate of 20 percent in 2010. Indonesia Sales of Packaged nutriment by Category Value cc5-2010 in million USD 2007 Packaged Food Total Nutrition/staples (i. e. rice) Dried Processed Food (i. e. dessert mixes, strident soup) Impulse and madness Products (i. e.chocolate coated biscuits) Bakery Dairy N oodles Baby Food Confectionery Meal Solutions (i. e. tomato early(prenominal)es).Sweet and savory Snacks Oils and Fats Sauces, Dressings and Condiments Frozen Processed Food Ice Cream Canned/Preserved Food Chilled Processed Food Spreads Meal Replacement (i. e. breakfast bars) Pasta Ready Meals (i. e. instant pasta) Snack Bars Soup 13,110 7,876 4,089 4,148 2,111 1,484 1,340 1,257 1,287 1,086 779 759 477 263 245 200 63 62 13 11 4 0. 9 3 2008 14,307 8,798 4,642 4,318 2,201 1,540 1,487 1,398 1,329 1,190 812 909 499 306 269 230 68 65 15 12 4 3 3 2009 14,817.9,167 4,909 4,404 2,238 1,596 1,526 1,496 1,360 1,244 832 845 510 327 278 251 68 66 16 13 4 3 3 2010 19,100 11,959 6,515 5,506 2,781 2,026 1,999 1,967 1,704 1,634 1,054 1,039 653 439 356 346 86 82 21 17 5 4 4 Source Euromonitor internationalist (NB IDR/USD currency 2007 9141, 2008 9699, 2009 10389. 9, 2010 9090. 4) 4/ Exporter Guide Indonesia Food and Beverage February 2012 Fresh food In 2010, the clean-living food grocery in I ndonesia had a total volume of 48. 1 million tonnes, making Indonesia the fifth largest fresh food market in the world. During the period 20052010, demand of fresh food increased by 13 percent.iv Indonesia Fresh food market in Indonesia in million tonnes Starchy Roots Fruits Vegetables fish and Seafood Meat Sugar and Sweeteners Eggs Nuts Pulses 2007 14,985 10,386 9,095 5,016 1,969 1,778 743 671 222 2008 15,148 10,786 9,356 5,153 2,024 1,825 761 700 224 2009 15,309 11,147 9,613 5,291 2,078 1,872 777 730 227 2010 15,455 11,489 9,868 5,432 2,138 1,914 794 762 230 2011f 15,582 11,787 10,119 5,592 2,188 1,952 808 798 234 Source Euromonitor International (NB 2011 forecasts) Wineiv In 2011, the Indonesian wine-colored-colored market was worth approximately US$32 million (RP 275. 4 billion) and sell gross revenue totalled 3.1 million litres. Wine accounted for exclusively 3 percent of total alcohol sales. Beer is considerably to a greater extent popular as an alcoholic drinkable. During the period 2008-2010, wine volume sales denyd by 6 percent. While prices increased, the demand from Indonesian consumers with high disposable incomes and expatriates reposeed and the tour of wine enthusiasts in Indonesia grew. The growth was influenced by western culture and wine events much(prenominal) as wine tasting, wine dinners and classes. The wine market showed an increase in sales by value of 61 percent during the period 2008-2010.v Indonesia Wine Sales Off-trade Value in million USD Off-trade Volume in million litres 2006 12. 0 3. 3 2007 14. 0 3. 4 2008 15. 0 3. 4 2009 16. 0 3. 3 2010 28. 0 3. 2 2011 32. 0 3. 1 Source Euromonitor International (NB IDR/USD currency 2006 9159. 3, 2007 9141, 2008 9699, 2009 10389. 9, 2010 9090. 4, 2011 8696. 1) 1. 1. 2 Market by distribution channel Mass grocery retail In 2011, traditional retailers, comprising small single-handed stores and open air markets, accounted for an estimated 77 percent of the total retail sales. vii 5/ Exporter Guide Indonesia Food and Beverage February 2012In the organised retail sphere, Hypermarkets had the largest market sh are in 2010, with US$13. 6 billion in sales, followed by supermarkets (US$11 billion) and convenience stores / mini-markets (US$5 billion). During the period 2005-2010, supermarket sales increased by 112 percent, followed by hypermarkets (109 percent) and convenience stores / mini-markets (105 percent). Mass grocery Retail Sector Estimated Number of Outlets 2005 Total Convenience computer storages / Mini-Markets Supermarkets Hypermarkets Source care Monitor International 2006 7,154 3,337 3,173 644 2007 8,530 3,953 3,830 747 2008 9,429 4,334 4,297 798.2009 10,572 4,871 4,801 900 2010 11,524 5,299 5,252 973 5,912 2,758 2,652 502 1. 2 Market Drivers The following are viewed as key drivers for the food and beverage market in Indonesia ? The food and beverage market in Indonesia grew in 2010, recovering from the worldwide recession. buying power of middle and up per berth income consumers revived with an increase of disposable income. Political and economic conditions stabilised and the number of modern retail outlets and food service retailers grew. vi Consumers are embracing the health conscious social movement seen throughout the world, as a result of exposure to health education through the media.vi To agree the increasing demand of educated and health conscious consumers, the Indonesian administration has taken on initiatives such as the Merauke Integrated Food and Energy Estate project. Through this US$5 billion project, the government expects to produce almost 2 million tonnes of rice, 2 million tonnes of corn, 2. 5 million tonnes of sugar, 937,000 tonnes of palm oil,167,000 tonnes of soja beans and grazing land for 64,000 cattle. vii In April 2010, taskation on wine increased significantly resulting in an increase in wine prices.Approximately 45 percent of the cost paid by consumers is tax, including sales tax (VAT), excise an d mo tax. v While traditional markets still account for the majority of retail sales, they face greater pressure on market share as modern retail becomes more popular. While the government tried to discourage the rapid spread of modern retail, it wasnt successful in enforcing its legislative regulations and modern retailers increased in numbers by using fake permits in around cases. iii ? ? ? ? 6/ Exporter Guide Indonesia Food and Beverage February 2012 1. 3 Market PotentialThe general food consumption is forecast to grow by a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9. 1 percent to 2015. vii Modern retail, such as hypermarkets are projected to increase in numbers as urban centres expand and demand increases for convenience and added-value products (i. e. rice and noodle ready-meals). However, most consumers in Indonesia remain price sensitive and private label will be a popular alternative as it is perceived as good value rather than cheap. vii The sale of alcoholic beverages i s expected to decline with a CAGR of 2. 3 percent during 2010-2015. However, wine is forecast to grow with a CAGR of 1.4 percent during 20102015 as wine is perceived to be a healthier option than other alcoholic beverages such as beer. v Indonesia has a green goddessive youth population of around 40. 9 million, aged between 15 and 24. This age group tends to be more westernised compared to the older population and is projected to drive demand for mass market products such as confectionary goods. vii There are opportunities for products targeted to improve the condition of specific health problems. These products include calcium fortified milk to prevent osteoporosis, dairy milk for nursing mothers, baby food and products for weight down and cholesterol reduction.vi 1. 4 Import Trendsvii In 2010, Indonesia import an estimated US$8. 1 billion, a growth of 25 percent from 2009. Indonesia is relatively resilient to global trade volatility but reliant on dairy and poultry imports to me et demand. Indonesia Food and Beverage Trade in million USD 2009 Exports Imports counterbalance 18,756 6,476 12,280 2010e 24,765 8,120 16,645 2011f 30,406 9,573 20,833 2012f 36,517 11,233 25,284 2013f 43,492 13,172 30,320 2014f 52,167 15,598 36,563 2015f 62,034 18,448 43,585 Source Business Monitor International (NB 2010 estimate 2011-2015 forecasts)7/ Exporter Guide Indonesia Food and Beverage February 2012 1. 5 Key Players in the Marketvii Food and beverages Nestle Indonesia had the highest market share with sales of US$23. 2 billion in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. Nestle has a market leading position in the dairy sector and in its instant noodle category, operates a 50-50 joint venture with Indofood Sukses Makmur. One of Indonesias key players in alcoholic beverages is Multi Bintang with 414 employees and US$209. 5 million in sales in 2010.Indonesia Key Players in the food and beverage market come with Nestle Indonesia Indofood Sukses akmur Terbuka Unilever Indonesia PT C haroen Pokphand Indonesia Mayora Indah Tbk Sari Husada PT Malindo Feedmill Tbk PT Siantar Top Tiga pilar Sejahtera Food Sub-sector candy store and dairy miscellaneous food dairy and tea meat and Fish confectionery formula and baby food miscellaneous food Snack food Snack food and instant noodles Sales (US$mn) 23,238** 4,493 2,303 1,764 845 317e 238 89 83 Yearending Dec-10 Dec-10 Dec-10 Dec-10 Dec-10 2010 Dec-10 Dec-10 Dec-09 No.Of employees 1,232 64,200 3,308 7,095 4,407 902 2,144 4,292 1,925 Year Established 1971 1990 1933 1972 1977 1954 na 1970 na Source Company Investor Relations, BMI (NB e = estimate, na = not available, **Includes Papua New Guinea) Mass Grocery Retail Hero Supermarket Tbk had the largest sales indoors the mass grocery retail sector with US$8. 97 billion in 2010. Hero has a broad range of store formats and offers lower value products while Carrefour, the colossalgest foreign retailer in Indonesia, dominates the upper end of the market.8/Exporter Guide Indones ia Food and Beverage February 2012 Key Players in Indonesias Mass Grocery Retail Sector, 2011 Parent Company PT Hero Supermark et Tbk PT Sumber Alfaria Trijaya Tbk PT Matahari Putra Prima Tbk Country of ancestor Indonesia / Hong Kong Sales, US$ mn 8,971 Financial year 2010 Brand Hero Giant StarMart Indonesia 1,645 2010 Alfamart Alfa Minimart Foodmart Hypermart Cut Price PT Carrefour Indonesia PT Makro Indonesia ** PT Ramayana Lestari Sentosa Tbk PT Indomaret Prismatama PT Lion Superindo PT Alfa Retailindo Tbk France / Indonesia Netherlands Indonesia.Indonesia Belgium / Indonesia Indonesia 1,570*** 656e 639 500e 431* 187 2010 2010 2009 2010 2010 2010 Carrefour Makro Ramayana Indomaret Super Indo Alfa Alfa Grosir Gelael dress Supermarket Hypermarket Convenience Store Supermarket Convenience Store Supermarket Hypermarket Discount Store Hypermarket Supermarket Cash Carry Supermarket Convenience Store Supermarket Supermarket Supermarket Supermarket No of outlets 120 38 125 4812 Indo nesia 1,615 2009 25 52 9 63 16 20 104 5,174 74 35 8 11.Source Company Investor Relations, BMI (NB e = estimate,*Based on Delhaize Group tarry of World Sales,** South Koreas Lotte acquired Makro in October 2008,***Based on CarrefoursIndonesia sales. ?Includes franchised, independent stores) 1. 6 Regulatory Information provided in this section is for reference only. When negotiating supply contracts and before beginning actual export, companies are hash out to consult closely with their importer or distributor. Duties and tariffs Under AANZFTA there will be tariff free access to more than 90 percent of New Zealand goods by 2015, and the majority of these are food and beverage products.9/ Exporter Guide Indonesia Food and Beverage February 2012 intoxicant beverages in Indonesia including wine are strictly set due to the Muslim Law. Wines are subject to 10 percent value added tax (VAT), import tax of 150 percent and income tax of 25 percent. Category A B C Classification dipsoma niac beverage with 1-5 percent ethanol content Alcoholic beverage with 5-20 percent ethanol content Alcoholic beverage with 20-55 percent ethanol content Import duty USD 1. 57 / litre IDR 14,000 / litre USD 6. 18 / litre IDR 55,000 / litre USD 14.00 / litre IDR 125,000 / litre Excise Tax USD 1. 25 / litre IDR 11,000 / litre USD 4. 5 / litre IDR 40,000 / litre USD 14. 61 / litre IDR130,000 / litre For more information, visit the Directorate General of usance Excise at www. beacukai. go. id or the AANZFTA at www. asean. fta. govt. nz. Licensing and alteration requirements Prior to importation of food, companies must follow a registration process which involves a fee of Rp 150,000-3,000,000 (approximately NZ$17-345).The documents motivationed to register include ? ? ? ? ?a letter that guarantees safety, quality, maintenance and labelling an authorisation letter from the manufacturer health certificate or certificate of free sale issued by authorised deputy from country of origin a n audit report of distribution facilities from NADFC ( issue Agency of Drugs and Food underwrite) eclogue office. copy of registration approval letter from the NZ companys importer For more information on licensing and registration, visit National Agency of Drug and Food Control at www. pom. go. id Labelling requirements.All import food and beverages need to be labelled in Indonesian language and must contain ? ? ? ? brand name name of product (type of food) list of ingredients net weight or net content or drained weight (if applicable) 10/ Exporter Guide Indonesia Food and Beverage .February 2012 ? ? ? name and address of parties that produce or import the products into Indonesia registration number date, month and year of minimum durability For more information on labelling, visit the National Agency of Drug and Food Control at www. pom. go. id. Quotas New Zealand wine exports are subject to Indonesias import quotas. The Indonesian government increased the import quota for win e to 225,000 cases in 2009, from 80,000 cases in 2008.The number of cases of wine imported in 2008 and 2009 were 77,485 and 191,953 cases priseively. Error Bookmark not defined. Indonesia has also recently imposed beef quotas which are being reviewed regularly. Halal Halal certification in Indonesia is required for all food derived from animal products, and recommended for companies whose products are targeting the mass retail market. Exporters are advised to check this closely with their importers or distributors in Indonesia. The Federation of Muslim Associations of New Zealand (FIANZ) is recognised by the Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI) for certifying products in New Zealand.They can be contacted at emailprotected co. nz. For more information on the overseas market access requirements (including halal requirements), visit the New Zealand Food Safety Authority at www. foodsafety. govt. nz For more information on halal, visit the MUI at www. halalmui. org 1. 7 Sustainabilityeighter from Decatur The Indonesian Government encourages companies to use sustainable packaging and recyclable heartys through tax incentives and an awards system. The government plans to boost the environmentally friendly packaging through Industrial Regulations in Indonesia (RUU Perindustrian).Alternatives to plastic packaging such as veggie material or bio-plastic packaging have been welcomed by the market. Bio-plastic is made from biotic materials (i. e. corn, cassava or micro-biota) and the material is easier to decompose. A national wet company, PT Aqua Golden Mississippi, is currently developing a water bottle from vegetable material. The Indonesian Nanotechnology Society is researching a thinner plastic bottle which can be decomposed in 4 to 8 weeks. 11/ Exporter Guide Indonesia Food and Beverage February 2012 2 MARKET ENTRY AND DEVELOPMENT 2.1 Market Entry Strategies Indonesia is a price sensitive market, but with the growth of the new generation of middle and high income c onsumers, the quality of products is of greater importance. Branded and high quality food and beverage products are in demand. The middle high income segment is paying more attention to healthy products as the new generation becomes more health conscious. Indonesian consumers prefer internationally well-known brands and imported products, especially for their children. In 2010, the government approved a number of import licences for alcoholic beverages.There were previously only 2 companies with import licences but now more than 20 companies have secured a licence. To acquire an import licence, a company needs to have at least 20 brands in its portfolio. It is recommended that New Zealand food and beverage products focus on Jakarta (with a population of 9. 6 million), Surabaya (4 million) and Bali (4 million). Jakarta and Surabaya are big markets in their own right but are also distribution hubs to the east and western split of Indonesia. Bali is a popular tourism destination and t here is a demand for quality products from hotels and restaurants.2. 2 Points of eminence New Zealand is known in Indonesia as a producer of fresh, clean, high quality and healthy products. However, the market holds little knowledge about the range of products New Zealand sells. New Zealand companies need to continuously promote the overall New Zealand image for the benefit of their products. 2. 3 Long Term Strategic Issues for Exporters to Consider Recently a number of new regulations were introduced, which are aimed at protecting local producers of horticultural, agricultural and dairy products.Political issues and decadency are still a major issue in doing business in Indonesia. All imported food and beverage products must be registered by Indonesias National Agency for Food and Drugs Control (BPOM). New Zealand food and beverage exporters are advised to check with their Indonesian customers or partners what the exact process is. The specified time limit for BPOM to issue regis tration is 45 working days, but in the past it has taken 6-12 months. 12/ Exporter Guide Indonesia Food and Beverage February 2012 2. 4 Distribution Channels.The best market sagacity strategy is to appoint a local importer who has an established network across Indonesia. This will enable New Zealand businesses to access the retail market and also the HORECA (hotel, restaurant and catering) markets. Importers will undertake the product registration on behalf of New Zealand companies. New Zealand companies must provide the necessary documentation including a letter of appointment for the Indonesian importer. 2. 5 Pricing New Zealand products face stiff competition from other imported products, particularly products from Asiatic countries.With the right pricing and product positioning strategies, Indonesian consumers are willing to pay for premium products. Mark-ups for imported products will include ? ? ? import agent fees custom duties value added tax (VAT) of 5-10 percent 13/ E xporter Guide Indonesia Food and Beverage February 2012 2.MARKET RESOURCES AND CONTACTS ASSOCIATIONS /ORGANISATION ASEAN New Zealand Combined Business Council Halal Indonesia The Federation of Islamic Associations of New Zealand (FIANZ) WEBLINK www. asean. org. nz www. halalindonesia. org/ www. fianz. co. nz/index. php Indonesia National Agency of Drug and Food Control www.pom. go. id ASEAN Australia New Zealand Free Trade Agreement Guide Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia Directorate General of Customs Excise.TRADE EVENTS InterFood Indonesia Fish and Seafood Indonesia Agri Indo Jakarta air Food Festival OTHER NZTE PUBLICATIONS Indonesia Country Brief Wine Market in Southeast Asia Food and beverage in the hotel, restaurant and institutions market in Southeast Asia www. asean. fta. govt. nz www. depkes. go. id/en/ www. beacukai. go. id WEBLINK www. interfood-indonesia. com www. fisheryandseafoodexpo. com www. agri-indo. com www. jfff. info WEBLINK www. nzte.govt. nz www. nzte. govt. nz /www. nzte. govt. nz DisclaimerThis outlet is provided to you as a free service and is intended to flag to you market opportunities and possibilities. Use of and reliance on the information/products/technology/concepts discussed in this publication, and the suitability of these for your business is entirely at your own risk. You are advised to carry out your own independent assessment of this opportunity. The information in this publication is general it was watchful by New Zealand Trade and Enterprise (NZTE) from publicly available and/or subscription database sources.NZTE its officers, employees and agents accept no financial obligation for any errors or omissions or any opinion/s expressed, and no responsibility is accepted with respect to the standing of any firm/s, company/ies or individual/s mentioned. New Zealand Trade and Enterprise is not responsible for any adverse consequences arising out of such use. You release New Zealand Trade and Enterprise from al l claims arising from this publication. New Zealand Trade and Enterprise reserves the right to reuse any general market information contained in its reports. i ii iii iv v vi vii viii Euromonitor International, 26 howling(a) 2011.Indonesia Country Profile APNZ, 15 November 2011. Indonesia to join regional FTA. The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved from www. nzherald. co. nz Euromonitor International, 9 princely 2011. Consumer Food Service in Indonesia. Euromonitor International, 2011. Market sizes, Indonesia Euromonitor International, February 2011. Alcoholic Drinks Indonesia Euromonitor International, November 2010. Packaged food Indonesia Business Monitor International, August 2011. Indonesia Food Drink Report Q4 2011. Euromonitor International, April 2011. Packaging Indonesia 14/ Exporter Guide Indonesia Food and Beverage February 2012.

Equal opportunity is key to making the world a better palce Essay Example for Free

Equal fortune is key to making the earthly concern a better palce EssayIdealism develops over the course of a purporttime and with it, we develop new opportunities for service and a chance to reward our souls. In his book, The Call of inspection and repairing, Robert coles talks about the way idealism develops and how we react to it. At this stage in my life, I cerebrate I am still in what Coles calls young idealism. Thought I create representn many things and do not conceive that I am naive, I feel that I am just commencement exercise to understand myself and what motivates me. My idealism has not been proven wrong by some life-altering event and I switch nto ahd to fight any major battles to sustenance it. I gestate that all children should turn in the practiced to battlefield and get along a success in life. Specifically, I intend in book-to doe with luck. I commit that all mess and all success should be measured on how firm you work for something, not being born with bills or the unspoilt address or the right skin color. In my ideal serviceman, mass would be judged not by how much they accomplish, but how hard they punctuate to deliver the bang-ups it.My basic belief system is that if there were gibeity in the beginning, there could be equality in the end. Right now, some children adjudge no chance at a good education because they apprizenot support it or go to educates where education is not valued. Some develops, for example, offer pre-kindergarten, all-day kindergarten and after school programs to help students posture a chance to learn more and other schools argon so poor that they dis habitationnot offer those programs. The children capture because they do not have an equal opportunity. I believe because of this there is much suffering in the world.People who argon not given an equal opportunity are not able to survey as often and cannot afford the things that they want or need. Because they did not get a g ood education, they are sentenced to the similar low-paying jobs that their parents had and are forced to see other people living the good life. Not having good opportunities leads to people being poor. When they are poor, it is easy to be mad because the rich have boththing and you work hard and have nothing. When people get very mad, they try to steal from the people who do have prim things.That is why a lack of equal opportunity leads to crimes. And, since this happens to the same people whose parents it besides happened to, they begin to believe that it is motivated by other factors race or nationality or beliefs and cannot see that poverty causes more poverty. In my ideal world, all students would have exactly the same chances in school. This bequeath never work because the rich, who can offer their children anything, would not want to pay abounding to stick sure that the poor children have the same chance. And , they are not uncoerced to let their child only have as mu ch as the poor kid gets.This is because they hold up that education is key to success and that if everyone had the same opportunity, they would no longer have an advantage. I think if everyone were able to see the importance of equal opportunity that they would all want to support it. If they understood that equal opportunity for all means that this will be a better country, they would also support paying the extra for better schools for everyone. My emigration to this country has helped me to see that equal opportunity should be the American way. My idealism comes from a secular source, as opposed to a religious source.I believe that if America is the land of the free and the home of the brave, consequently we should be making sure that everyone has an equal opportunity to learn. For example, in the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson wrote that We hold these truths to be self evident, that all men are created equal (Jefferson, Declaration of Independence). Immigrants t o the United states sometimes believe more fervently than those born here in the idealism of the society. We believe in truth, justice and the American way and that there is an American dream.I believe it and I am willing to act on it. I spend my extra time volunteering at the Agency Center for Children and Families aster school program. These are disadvantaged children who need the chance to be equal life everyone else. I am also motivated by social idealism. I believe that it is only right for every member of society to have the same advantages and disadvantages. People are all the same at the most basic levela dn all of them should have the same opportunities to make their lives better. It seems that if they all had the same opportunity, consequently the world would be a better place.My thinking is that if everyone had the same opportunity we could remove poverty and crime and make everyone happier. Cole quoting from his friend Anna Freud said that the essence of service is to put yourself in someone elses shoes, see the need and then work toward meeting it. Therefore I think that the other think I learned from Coles book was how important it is for me to help out at the after school program. I have been where they are, unable to learn because of an uneven playing field, and I want to help them eliminate this.That is my service to my community. The author argues that sometimes we do this out of charity and sometimes out of Biblical mandate. I do it for neither reason and for both. I do not pity the people I help at the plaza as one might expect when discussing this as an act of charity. I can empathize, understanding that they are now someplace that I have been, trying hard to succeed when the betting odds are not very good. It is instead a sense of duty that leads me to these actions. If someone had not helped me, then I would not be able to help these people.Furthermore, I do not believe that it is a Biblical mandate, but I do think that most people ag ree that the Good Samritan had it right and when you can help another person, you should. Another form of the sense of duty is an obligation to Christs teachings that we should do unto others as we would have them do unto us.. While I can understand why Cole, from a Catholic perspective would call this a Biblical mandate, I am also willing to acknowledge it as a basic human instinct, a sort of you attract more move with honey than vinegar sort of argument.If we want good things to happen and we want changes to happen in life, then we should use good things to make them happen. Be good to other people so that they will in turn be good to other people. The more people help one another, the more they will have sympathy for the plight of other people and be willing to photograph the steps that are necessary to make radical changes and perhaps get us all to a level of equal opportunity. In the meantime, using Coles theories of personal gestures and encounters, I am working to make the world a better and more fair place for the people that I encounter at the Center.His theory is that we can impact lives one at a time or several at a time when we make an effort. Though I want to effect lots of people, one of the best slipway I can begin to do that is by effecting one person. If my work at the after school program can help just one child to learn more and have more opportunity, to be closer to equal despite the flaws in the system, then I have make what I needed to do. I have made drastic improvements in my world. This fits again with Anna Freuds theory that Cole is very f ond of, someone reached, something done. This is the perfect description of what I hope to accomplish at the after school programs.I want to connect with one single person, more if possible, but one is enough and help them to find equal opportunity whether that is by opening doors to education or just dowery them to see within themselves what they can achieve if they work hard. Too often part of the reason people fail is that they dont believe they can succeed or dont know how to succeed. If we can make a slight individual difference in one or ii lives, by showing these students that we care, them we have reached out goal and the idealism is refreshed and rejuvenated and ready to work toward the future(a) success.The program that I have been volunteering with in called the Center for Children Families. They are dedicated to all manner of percentage families, including helping to arbitrate divorce cases so that children are not a battleground during divorce, have been in abuse situations, have undergone trauma of some sort and those who just need a safe place to be after school because they would otherwise be latch-key kids. The programs are designed to give children the love and worry that all children deserve.They also provide respite care for parents who might be on the verge of painful sensation their children and they also help teenage parents with parenting c lasses. The group tries to be non-judgmental and to provide assistance in a commanding manner that does not make people feel badly about needing help. In my opinion. they have a really good impact on the community and they are doing an excellent job. They give good feedback and try to help community members understand how they can improve their lives with a little hard work.Now that I have worked with the center, I believe that one way that they could better achieve their goals is to make sure that people are aware of the programs that they offer. Many people think that if you have to ask for help you are a bad person. It is important to make people understand that being poor or having no opportunities does not make you a bad person. I think it would also be helpful if the center could make it more clear to people that they are trying to ruin peoples lives or take their kids away.Lots of people seem to think that if you admit to needing a parenting class that you are somehow get y ourself into trouble or that it means you are a bad parent. perchance if we could get people to have parenting classes before they even have kids, it would help to cut down on the incidents of child abuse and neglect. Maybe some parents really dont know that they shouldnt give their kids pizza and soft drinks for every meal and that children need play time and need to be read to.I think the center tries really hard to make people understand that they are on their side, and that they want to help them out. I think the more that they can do to show this to people, the better their services will be used. It seems the like people are afraid that requesting help makes them look weak. The reality is that knowing when you need help is a sign of wisdom and people need to understand that. They also need to know what they can do to make the world a better place for their children Like reading to them and making sure they do their homework.Thats one of the things that we help with during the after school programs, making sure that children get their homework done for the next day. All in all, my experience working at the center ahs been a good one. They have some very good ideas that it would be cool if other organizations supported as well, like they have a diaper closet to allow people who need them to get some help with diapers when money is tight. I especially like this because though there are lots of programs to make sure that a baby gets fed, this is one of the few Ive seen that is designed to help them stay clean.